From spoilers to statebuilders: Constructive approaches to engagement with non-state armed groups in fragile states

This OECD paper argues that engaging with non-state armed groups (NSAGs) on the basis of their positive or potentially positive impacts is more productive than seeing them as forms of transnational threats (such as international terrorism, crime, narcotics, human trafficking, and the illicit trade in small arms). It emphasises the importance of distinguishing different types of NSAG and understanding their motivation, mobilisation, financing and popular support in order to assess their claims to legitimacy. Potential entry points and policy guidelines for donors include the need for “bottom-up” statebuilding efforts in capacity trap countries like Afghanistan and DRC, the inclusion of legitimate groups in peace settlements and greater focus on the positive role of NSAGs in statebuilding.

Finally, for statebuilding efforts to be successful they must be framed within a broader template of regional peacebuilding to prevent the externalisation or spillover of conflict and fragility.

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2012

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